Mobile Driver's License - Revision history

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2025-11-17T00:42:40Z

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‎Multiple Digital Formats

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 ===Providers===
 Much information about the the inter-relationship among the many players on “How the REAL-ID Act is creating a national ID database” is describe by Edward Hasbrouck.<ref>Edward Hasbrouck, ''How the REAL-ID Act is creating a national ID database'' (2016-02-11) https://papersplease.org/wp/2016/02/11/how-the-real-id-act-is-creating-a-national-id-database/</ref><ref>Edward Hasbrouck, ''Comments on TSA proposal for decentralized nonstandard ID requirements'' (2024-10-14 https://papersplease.org/wp/2024/10/14/comments-on-tsa-proposal-for-decentralized-nonstandard-id-requirements/</ref><blockquote>Requiring a photo ID to board a flight disproportionately affects certain groups, particularly low-income individuals, elderly travelers, people with disabilities, and those from rural areas, who may face challenges in obtaining or renewing an ID. Just as with voting, these individuals may encounter obstacles such as limited access to transportation, the costs associated with obtaining required documents, and logistical issues due to a lack of nearby government facilities. Moreover, the added financial and time burdens of procuring an ID create unnecessary barriers, effectively restricting their ability to travel and diminishing their personal freedom and mobility. For individuals with urgent travel needs, such as visiting family members in emergencies or pursuing job opportunities, these barriers to flying without an ID could have severe social and economic impacts.</blockquote>
-(nb. There is actually no federal requirement for a ID to board a plane, which few people understand. However, that can extend security waits to very long delays. This wait time appears to be the club that the TSA useses to get compliance.)
+(nb. There is actually no federal requirement for a ID to board a plane, which few people understand. However, that can extend security waits to very long delays. This wait time appears to be the club that the TSA uses to get compliance.)
 A real mix of enterprises that might be involved in the process:

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 * There remains continued confusion about whether a Driver's License is a card used for identification that should not be revoked for any reason other than fraud or an [[Authorization]] to access some resource (like the public roads) that can be revoked at any time.
 * The ISO standard 18013-5 focuses exclusively on the original purpose of the driver's license, the authorization of a person to operate a motor vehicle on the public roads. Anecdotal evidence (from Queensland) is that only about 1 in 50 (2%) of the request to show a driver's license correspond to this original purpose.
-* While [[ISO 18013-5]] focused on [[Mobile Driver's License]]s used in offline contexts, [[ISO 18013-7]] enables the use of mobile driver's licenses online, allowing individuals to verify their identities remotely.
+* While [[ISO 18013-5]] focused on [[Mobile Driver's License]]s used in offline contexts, [[ISO 18013-7]] enables the use of [[Mobile Driver's License]]s online, allowing individuals to verify their identities remotely.
 * [https://www.scytales.com/post/is-a-universal-digital-driving-licence-around-the-corner iPhone and Android solutions] also have [[NFC]], [[QR Code]], [[Bluetooth]], [[Wifi Aware]] and [[QR Code|Barcode]] readers technology thoroughly functional
 * The wiki page [[Smartphone Wireless]] contains information about the various radio bands used by mDL.

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 * There remains continued confusion about whether a Driver's License is a card used for identification that should not be revoked for any reason other than fraud or an [[Authorization]] to access some resource (like the public roads) that can be revoked at any time.
 * The ISO standard 18013-5 focuses exclusively on the original purpose of the driver's license, the authorization of a person to operate a motor vehicle on the public roads. Anecdotal evidence (from Queensland) is that only about 1 in 50 (2%) of the request to show a driver's license correspond to this original purpose.
 * [https://www.scytales.com/post/is-a-universal-digital-driving-licence-around-the-corner iPhone and Android solutions] also have [[NFC]], [[QR Code]], [[Bluetooth]], [[Wifi Aware]] and [[QR Code|Barcode]] readers technology thoroughly functional
 * The wiki page [[Smartphone Wireless]] contains information about the various radio bands used by mDL.

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 |INDIANA || IN|| || ||
 |-
-| IOWA || IA ||Iowa Mobile ID app by Idemia ||2021 || 2023-08-29 '''with TSAPreCheck''' can present ID on phone when departing from @fly_CID and @dsmairport = Apple later
+| IOWA || IA ||Iowa Mobile ID app by Idemia ||2021 || 2023-08-29 '''with TSAPreCheck''' can present ID on phone when departing from @fly_CID and @dsmairport = Apple later --  2025-05 [https://na.idemia.com/2025/06/25/idemia-public-security-enables-ability-to-add-iowa-drivers-licenses-and-state-ids-to-google-wallet/ add Google Wallet]
 |-
 |KANSAS || KS|| || ||

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 ===Live Experience===
--05 In the U.S., where mDL adoption is spreading state-by-state, chief information officers from Arizona and Utah convened at the NASCIO 2025 Midyear Conference to discuss how to leverage mDLs to enhance services and serve as a digital proof of identity throughout government environments.
+-05 In the U.S., where mDL adoption is spreading state-by-state, chief information officers from Arizona and Utah convened at the NASCIO 2025 Midyear Conference to discuss how to leverage mDLs to enhance services and serve as a digital proof of identity throughout government environments. Quoted in State Tech magazine Arizona CIO J.R. Sloan says that, given the present and potential reach of mDLs, it would be irresponsible to ignore the opportunity that driver’s licenses provide for identity management across use cases. He envisions digital licenses as a full identity platform rather than a mere authentication solution. “The goal long-term would be that it can interact with a number of other identity providers,” he says. “Those credentials can be valid, and it can be passed through and used to authenticate to your application.”
 “We want to make sure that there’s space for the third-party verification solutions to interact with our product on their operator.”
-Utah CIO Alan Fuller notes the sometimes underwhelming infrastructure for mDLs. Faulty or broken devices can frustrate users and potentially curb adoption, and staff need training to be able to optimize mDLs’ potential.
+Utah CIO Alan Fuller notes the sometimes underwhelming infrastructure for mDLs. Faulty or broken devices can frustrate users and potentially curb adoption, and staff need training to be able to optimize mDLs’ potential. “It’s getting to the point where TSA recognizes they need it, but airlines often don’t,” he says. “And I don’t know if a hotel does; I don’t know if banks do. So, we have an adoption problem, and adoption is absolutely essential.” He says the answer, in part, is to look at the ISO standards – and in part to revisit some questionable choices, such as using a vendor that wants to charge both the credential holder and the identity verification authority for using an app, resulting in an annual fee that makes users “annoyed.”
 ==Problems==

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 * The primary difference is that the mDL (and the [[EID]] focus on a direct link from the attributes to the real-world entity, while the DID is just a link to a signing key that requires VC's to get to really-world entities.
 * From UL https://difdn.slack.com/files/U01M7L5AJQ0/F02FETU43DZ/cs676613_-_digital_credentials_promotion_campaign-white_paper-digital.pdf?origin_team=T4VKPCU00&origin_channel=C4WED8JSH
-* Theoretically a [[Mobile Driver's License]] could be encoded as described in wiki page [[Verifiable Cred V1.1 Normative]]. The big difference is the dependance of the mDL on [[Public Key Infrastructure]] (PKI) using [[X.509 Certificate]]s.
+* Theoretically a [[Mobile Driver's License]] could be encoded as described in wiki page [[Verifiable Cred V1.1 Normative]]. The big difference is the dependence of the mDL on [[Public Key Infrastructure]] (PKI) using [[X.509 Certificate]]s.
 ==Problems==

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 ===Multiple Digital Formats===
-Starting in 2024 a second format for state-issued digital IDs was proposed as OID4VP
+Starting in 2024 a second format for state-issued digital IDs was proposed as OID4VP in addition to the original ISO 18013-5. Since there may be several hundred use cases for a state-issued digital ID this makes any privacy-enhanced plan problematic.
 ===Authenticity===

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 * [https://www.biometricupdate.com/202105/aclu-urges-hard-questions-on-mdls-to-protect-digital-id-privacy ACLU urges hard questions on mDLs to protect digital ID privacy ]  (2021-05-19)
 * [https://slacker.ro/2020/10/28/privacy-preserving-features-in-the-mobile-driving-license/ Privacy-preserving features in the Mobile Driving License] 2020-10-28 David Zeuthen + 2 (Android Security and Privacy team)
 ===Authenticity===

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 | ALABAMA|| AL|| Idemia || ||  eID - [https://abc3340.com/news/local/alabamas-digital-drivers-license-what-you-need-to-know has been around since 2015 w/o much use]
 |-
-|ALASKA	||AK|| || ||
+|ALASKA	||AK|| AAMVA DTS|| yes|| 2025-03-07 public key registered with AAMVA
 |-
 |AMERICAN SAMOA||AS|| || ||

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 ===State Wallets===
 * 2025-01 interactive map from MATTR  https://mattr.global/solutions/mdl
-This section is focused on implementations in North America at present.
+This section is focused on implementations in North America and Australia at present.
 * Maryland rolled out mDLs to smartphone users in 2022.60 The credentials are created by taking a photo of the front and back of their physical driver’s license and a short video of themselves, which is then sent to issuing authorities for verification. When the information is verified, the<ref>Jordan Pascale,''Maryland Launches Digital Version Of Driver’s License On IPhon'' DCist, (2022-05-26) https://dcist.com/story/22/05/26/maryland-digital-drivers-license/</ref> individual may add it to their Google or Apple wallets and, where accepted, use it in place of the physical credential
 * [https://www.skyharbor.com/media/PressReleases/2022/03/23/tsa-enables-arizona-residents-to-use-mobile-driver-s-license-or-state-id-for-verification-at-phoenix-sky-harbor-international-airport Phoenix AZ Sky Harbor Airport is accepting the AZ mDL at TSA gates.] 2022-03-23. and [https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2022/03/apple-launches-the-first-drivers-license-and-state-id-in-wallet-with-arizona/ Apple's announcement of that.]