Quantum Mechanics - Revision history

Tom: /* Probabilities */

2025-09-28T23:57:42Z

‎Probabilities

Tom: /* Composition */

2025-09-28T23:46:12Z

‎Composition

Tom: /* Composition */

2025-09-28T23:38:03Z

‎Composition

Tom: /* Probabilities */

2025-05-21T18:42:28Z

‎Probabilities

Tom: /* Probabilities */

2025-05-21T18:37:10Z

‎Probabilities

Tom: /* Full Title or Meme */

2025-04-15T01:27:48Z

‎Full Title or Meme

Tom: /* Is it Logical? */

2024-09-04T04:39:31Z

‎Is it Logical?

Tom: /* Is it Logical? */

2024-09-04T04:32:21Z

‎Is it Logical?

Tom: /* Is it Logical? */

2024-09-04T04:23:17Z

‎Is it Logical?

Tom: /* Quantum Numbers */

2024-02-08T06:20:16Z

‎Quantum Numbers

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 ===Probabilities===
-It seems that the current understanding of [[Quantum Mechanics]] only creates probabilities of the outcome of any measurement of a object ow atomic size or lower. Here is what John von Neumann said. "It is therefore not, as is often assumed, a question of a re-interpretation of quantum mechanics—the present system of quantum mechanics would have to be objectively false, in order that another description of the elementary processes than the statistical one be possible."<ref name="Neumann">John von Neumann, 1932, ''Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik'', Berlin: Springer Verlag; English translation by R.T. Beyer, 1955, Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Princeton: Princeton University Press ISBN 9780691178561 </ref>
+It seems that the current understanding of [[Quantum Mechanics]] only creates probabilities of the outcome of any measurement of a object of atomic size or lower. Here is what John von Neumann said. "It is therefore not, as is often assumed, a question of a re-interpretation of quantum mechanics—the present system of quantum mechanics would have to be objectively false, in order that another description of the elementary processes than the statistical one be possible."<ref name="Neumann">John von Neumann, 1932, ''Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik'', Berlin: Springer Verlag; English translation by R.T. Beyer, 1955, Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Princeton: Princeton University Press ISBN 9780691178561 </ref>
 It was a known fact that a probability must be in the range of 0 (will not happen) to 1 (must happen). This definition did not work with quantum mechanics. We will see below that Heisenberg allowed negative numbers that in effect corresponded to the adjustments needed to make the particles behave like waves with constructive and destructive interference.

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 ===Composition===
-One the the conundrums that Heisenberg faced was the the composition of two event, such as an electron falling from one level to a lower level and from there onto an even lower level. Heisenberg used multiplication to compose the two events into a new state. He deduced that put together elements corresponding to the same initial and final states, summing over all possible intermediaries. This realization gave hie the key by which he could devise a multiplication rule that was both manageable and sensible.<ref name="Lindley" /> (page113)
+One the the conundrums that Heisenberg faced was the the composition of two event, such as an electron falling from one level to a lower level and from there onto an even lower level. Heisenberg used multiplication to compose the two events into a new state. He deduced that put together elements corresponding to the same initial and final states, summing over all possible intermediaries. This realization gave him the key by which he could devise a multiplication rule that was both manageable and sensible.<ref name="Lindley" /> (page113) Later Born was to realize that this was just matrix multiplication.
 ==Accepted Solutions==

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 ===Composition===
-One the the conundrums that Heisenberg tased was the the composition of two event, such as an electron falling from one level to a lower level and from there onto an even lower level. Heisenberg used multiplication of compose the two events into a new state. He deduced that put together elements corresponding to the same initial and final states, summing over all possible intermediaries. This realization gave hie the key by which he could devise a multiplication rule that was both manageable and sensible.<ref name="Lindley" /> (page113)
+One the the conundrums that Heisenberg faced was the the composition of two event, such as an electron falling from one level to a lower level and from there onto an even lower level. Heisenberg used multiplication to compose the two events into a new state. He deduced that put together elements corresponding to the same initial and final states, summing over all possible intermediaries. This realization gave hie the key by which he could devise a multiplication rule that was both manageable and sensible.<ref name="Lindley" /> (page113)
 ==Accepted Solutions==

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 It was a known fact that a probability must be in the range of 0 (will not happen) to 1 (must happen). This definition did not work with quantum mechanics. We will see below that Heisenberg allowed negative numbers that in effect corresponded to the adjustments needed to make the particles behave like waves with constructive and destructive interference.
-[[Probabilistic Computing]] is showing that rational logical reasoning may not be the best way to solve complex problems in classical physics. It may also prove to be a good model to look at that happens in [[probabilistic computing]]. At the very least, the two fields might benefit from cross-fertilization of ideas.
+[[Probabilistic Computing]] is showing that rational logical reasoning may not be the best way to solve complex problems in classical physics. It may also prove to be a good model for what happens in [[Quantum Mechanics]]. At the very least, the two fields might benefit from cross-fertilization of ideas.
 ===Oscillators===

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:37, 21 May 2025
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	It was a known fact that a probability must be in the range of 0 (will not happen) to 1 (must happen). This definition did not work with quantum mechanics. We will see below that Heisenberg allowed negative numbers that in effect corresponded to the adjustments needed to make the particles behave like waves with constructive and destructive interference.		It was a known fact that a probability must be in the range of 0 (will not happen) to 1 (must happen). This definition did not work with quantum mechanics. We will see below that Heisenberg allowed negative numbers that in effect corresponded to the adjustments needed to make the particles behave like waves with constructive and destructive interference.
		+
		+	[[Probabilistic Computing]] is showing that rational logical reasoning may not be the best way to solve complex problems in classical physics. It may also prove to be a good model to look at that happens in [[probabilistic computing]]. At the very least, the two fields might benefit from cross-fertilization of ideas.

	===Oscillators===		===Oscillators===

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:27, 15 April 2025
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	The Universe is mystic to man, and must ever remain so; for he cannot transcend the limits of his consciousness, his knowledge being only knowledge of its changes.<ref>George Henry Lewes, ''Problems of Life and Mind. First Series: The Foundations of a Creed'' Vol. 2. Boston: Osgood. section 1 (1875) https://www.google.com/books/edition/Problems_of_Life_and_Mind_The_principles/0J8RAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1</ref>		The Universe is mystic to man, and must ever remain so; for he cannot transcend the limits of his consciousness, his knowledge being only knowledge of its changes.<ref>George Henry Lewes, ''Problems of Life and Mind. First Series: The Foundations of a Creed'' Vol. 2. Boston: Osgood. section 1 (1875) https://www.google.com/books/edition/Problems_of_Life_and_Mind_The_principles/0J8RAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1</ref>
		+
		+	On the other hand the universal divine order refers to the idea that the universe operates according to a harmonious and purposeful plan established by a higher power or divine intelligence. This concept is more about the structure and governance of existence, suggesting that everything in the cosmos has a place and purpose within a grand, interconnected design.

	==Context==		==Context==

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 ===Is it Logical?===
-The Law of excluded middle can be violated by some quantum operations. So in that sense we can say the Aristotle's [[Laws of Thought]] (aka Boolean logic) were not up the the challenge of describing how [[Quantum Mechanics]] worked. Which is not to say that [[Quantum Mechanics]] is not logical, just that the logic needs to fully articulated as it is not the same a classical logic, just as it is not the same as classical mechanics.
+The Law of excluded middle can be violated by some quantum operations. So in that sense we can say the Aristotle's [[Laws of Thought]] (aka Boolean logic) were not up the the challenge of describing how [[Quantum Mechanics]] worked. Which is not to say that [[Quantum Mechanics]] is not logical, just that the logic needs to fully articulated as it is not the same as classical logic, just as [[Quantum Mechanics]] is not the same as classical mechanics.
 ===Composition===

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 ===Quantum Numbers===
 At first there was one quantum number that Bohr assigned to the electron "orbits" as they were added to the atom. Afterwards more numbers were added, which Bohr was not happy about. These are the final four:
-# n = principal, this is Bohr's "orbit", in a neutral atom the highest number is the atomic number of the element, that is, the number of protons in the nucleus.
+# n = principal, this is Bohr's "orbit" (in a neutral atom the highest number is the atomic number of the element, that is, the number of protons in the nucleus.)
 # l = azimuthal
 # m = magnetic