Identifier Management

Full Title or Meme

Identity Management (IdM) or Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a field of management in enterprises that is not clearly defined.

Context

• Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has been an issue from the earliest days of tabulating machine deployment or earlier.
• Vendor Relationship Management (VRM) has been proposed by Doc Searls as the User managing their vendors.
• The goal of this wiki is to give the user the same ability to manage their Identifiers and Attributes as the web sites that they visit.
• While the focus of Identity Management can be strictly limited to the discussion of the provisioning of subject identifiers, the larger topic of Identity and Access Management goes into the ultimate purpose of the identifier, which is to give access to restricted resources. An unfortunate consequence of the need for trusted identifiers in access management, is that those identifiers, and the attributes attached to them become a valued resource of the access managers and are bought and sold by those entities that collect them.

Problems

The term Identity Management is not well defined and leads to the mistaken assumption that what is managed is a user's identity, but that is clearly outside the scope of technology. What this topic actually addresses is the identifiers that are tied to attributes, behaviors and assumptions that allow people to seek to acquire the assets of the real-world person thus labeled and categorized.

For example: According to Gartner, IGA solutions are tools that “manage digital identity and access rights across multiple systems.” They accomplish this by aggregating and correlating identity and access rights data that is distributed throughout the IT landscape, in order to enhance control over user access. This aggregated data serves as the basis for what Gartner considers the core IGA functions:

• Identity Life Cycle and Entitlements Management
• Access Requests
• Workflow Orchestration
• Fulfillment via Automated Provisioning and Service Tickets
• Reporting and Analytics
• Role and Policy Management
• Auditing

The goal of both the user and the web site are basically the same: access to digital resources and Privileges that should be under their control. In the vendor's case, it is content that the user wants to see, or other resources that the user want to access. In the user's case it is their personal information that the vendor wants to exploit. Each end has content that the other wants. It should be a natural thing for them to come to some agreement; except that the vendor has traditionally had more legal and technological expertise to tilt the playing field in their favor.

Security Versus User Experience=

Clearly the Internet is populated by many types of fraudsters and other criminals that will take unfair advantage of people who are less familiar with the challenged faced on a medium with very few rules that apply across the globe. It is tempting for security developers to expect user's to be educated to prevent problems. While it should be obvious that internet users do not consider the security of the Internet to be their responsibility. Some "Security Features", like forcing user's to reset passwords can back-fire and cause users to loose access to their compiled history of communications.

Solutions

• This wiki will focus on User Object management and User Consent managment rather than the less well defined Identity Management.
• IdM roles (as defined in the IDEF Functional Model:

1. User or User Agent
2. Identity Provider
3. Attribute Provider
4. Relying Party
5. Intermediaries
6. Credential Service Provider
7. Registration Authority

• The distinction between the real-world User and the digital Entity User Agent often get confused and should be disambiguated in any serious discussion.
• In the wiki items 2 and 3 are combined into Identifier or Attribute Provider IAP since the distinction between the two has become blurred.
• Also the last two are less interesting and also hard to separate from other functions.

Self Issued Identifiers

Traditionally the internet issued identifiers only to machines and then those machines issued sub-identifiers to humans: for example the well known "mail-to:" scheme of human@machine.tld. Where a top level domain (tld) issued identifiers to machines (via the DNS) and those machines created email addresses for humans. For the Self-issued Identifier the human creates their own identifier, perhaps a GUID which they could them assign any attributes of interest to them and provide it to any web site of interest to them.

Other Approaches

1. UNCITRAL UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW Working Group IV: Electronic Commerce WP 160 Draft Provisions on the Cross-border Recognition of Identity Management and Trust Services

   This [instrument] applies to the use and cross-border recognition of IdM systems and trust services in the context of commercial activities and trade-related government services. For the purposes of paragraph 1, the consent of a subject may be inferred from the subject’s conduct.

2. US FTC
3. Underwriter's Labs Identity Management & Security

   Each day our world becomes more interconnected. Consumers and businesses are embracing the digitization of many aspects of our lives - our devices, payments, vehicles, homes. UL is dedicated to empowering trust in our transformation to an interconnected world. As the leading safety and security authority, we proactively work with businesses and governments to create standards and implement solutions that organizations and consumers can trust.

4. Consumer Reports

References

Other Material

• Virginia Standards for Identity Management p 30. Binding Identity to a Subscriber Provided Authenticator