Open RAN
Contents
Full Title or Meme
Challenges of Open RAN Adoption, Deployment, and Interoperability
Aleem Mohsan
System Developer | System Tester | Cybersecurity Analyst
August 1, 2024
Introduction to Open RAN
Open RAN (Radio Access Networks) has been a hot topic in the telecom industry, promising a modular and interoperable approach to building networks. However, its adoption, deployment, and interoperability present significant challenges. In this blog, we will delve into the challenges faced by the Telecom industry in the realm of Open RAN and explore the innovative solutions they employed to overcome them.
Challenges in Adoption
Adopting Open RAN involves integrating new technology into existing networks while maintaining performance. This requires careful planning and consideration of several factors. Firstly, it's essential to understand the requirements of the new technology and ensure all contributors are aware of what is needed to deliver optimal performance. This includes both hardware and software components. Secondly, timing plays a crucial role. Network build-outs need to be planned strategically to incorporate Open RAN technology at the right time, considering dependencies on other implementations. Lastly, adoption is not just about technology; it's also about adjusting operating procedures and ensuring people embrace and utilize the technology effectively. This holistic approach is vital for successful adoption.
Overcoming Adoption Challenges
Addressing the adoption challenges requires a mindful and pragmatic approach. The Telecom Industry has been taking this approach by focusing on achieving the right performance in an industrialized product globally. Listening to customer needs and collaborating with industry partners is crucial. By aligning with the industry and ensuring performance requirements for 5G networks are met, the telecom industry like Ericsson aims to facilitate smoother adoption of Open RAN.
Deployment Challenges
Deploying Open RAN involves more than just technology; it requires careful implementation into the network. This includes considerations such as site design, transport commitments, synchronization solutions, and software lifecycle management. One of the primary objectives is to achieve a high-performing network. With decades of experience in integrated RAN, the Telecom sector aims to infuse this knowledge into an Open RAN platform, collaborating with partners in the ecosystem. Practical aspects such as form factors in cabinets and lifecycle management of software layers are critical. Ensuring readiness in an Open RAN context is essential for successful deployment.
Ensuring Efficient Deployment
To support mobile operators, Telecom industries ensure that its radios are prepared to support new open fronthaul standards. With a significant number of massive MIMO radios deployed that can use the new open interfaces, the first wave of deployment is underway. Lifecycle management is another challenge that requires a new management and orchestration paradigm. Efficient deployment involves doing things right the first time to avoid costly services and site revisits. The management stack defined by the O-RAN Alliance provides a good architectural blueprint, but it needs to be extended to consider the existing install base in LTE and 5G networks. This holistic approach maximizes the potential of a horizontal architecture.
Interoperability Challenges
Interoperability is a significant challenge in Open RAN, requiring pre-integrated solutions and coordination between various components. Not all interfaces are equally complex, and achieving interoperability involves several steps. On the RAN side, understanding the software and radio aspects is crucial. Calibration of IoT profiles, parameter coordination, and regression testing are essential to ensure features run properly and secure day-one integration. Maintaining interoperability throughout the lifecycle of radios, which can remain in the network for years, requires sustained efforts. This is particularly challenging in a multi-vendor environment.
Achieving Interoperability
Pre-integration and complementary services play a vital role in achieving interoperability. It's also essential to change operational processes to realize the full potential of new technology. Operational and organizational adaptation is necessary to embrace and utilize the technology effectively. This holistic approach ensures that the technology delivers its intended benefits.
Conclusion
Open RAN presents significant challenges in adoption, deployment, and interoperability. However, with a mindful and pragmatic approach, collaboration with industry partners, and a focus on holistic solutions, these challenges can be overcome. As the telecom sector charts the path towards large-scale Open RAN networks, addressing these challenges is crucial for achieving high-performing and interoperable networks that will shape the future of telecommunications.
