Lorem ipsum
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In publishing and graphic design, lorem ipsum is a placeholder text commonly used to demonstrate the visual form of a document without relying on meaningful content (also called greeking). Replacing the actual content with placeholder text allows designers to design the form of the content before the content itself has been produced.
The lorem ipsum text is typically a scrambled section of De finibus bonorum et malorum, a 1st-century BC Latin text by Cicero, with words altered, added, and removed to make it nonsensical, improper Latin.
A variation of the ordinary lorem ipsum text has been used in typesetting since the 1960s or earlier, when it was popularized by advertisements for Letraset transfer sheets. It was introduced to the Information Age in the mid-1980s by Aldus Corporation, which employed it in graphics and word-processing templates for its desktop publishing program PageMaker.
Contents
Example text
A common form of lorem ipsum reads:
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Discovery
"Lorem ipsum" text is derived from sections 1.10.33 of Cicero's De finibus bonorum et malorum.[1]
It is not known exactly when the text obtained its current standard form; it may have been as late as the 1960s. Dr. Richard McClintock, a Latin scholar who was the publications director at Hampden–Sydney College in Virginia, discovered the source of the passage sometime before 1982 while searching for instances of the Latin word "consectetur" ("that [he/she/it] pursue", subjunctive), rarely used in classical literature.[2]Template:Efn The physical source of the lorem ipsum text may be the 1914 Loeb Classical Library Edition of the De Finibus, where the Latin text, presented on the left-hand (even) pages, breaks off on page 34 with "Neque porro quisquam est qui do-" and continues on page 36 with "lorem ipsum ...", suggesting that the galley type of that page was mixed up to make the dummy text seen today.[3]
Latin source
The original version appears in the 1914 Loeb Classical Library Edition of the De Finibus, Book 1, sections 32–33[4]. The relevant section of Cicero as printed in the source is reproduced below with the example text drawn from it highlighted and letters not found in the printed source in brackets: Template:Quote
English translation
This is H. Rackham's translation as printed in the Loeb Classical Library edition with highlighting added for the translation of the text found in the example of the lorem ipsum[4]:
Variations
Lorem ipsum passages were popularized on Letraset dry-transfer sheets from the early 1970s, which were produced to be used by graphic designers for filler text.[3][2] Aldus Corporation created a version in the mid-1980s for their desktop publishing program Adobe PageMaker.[2]
A variety of software today can generate[5] semi-random text which looks like jumbled Latin. Apple's Pages and Keynote software employs such jumbled text as sample screenplay layout. Lorem ipsum is also featured on Joomla!, Google Docs, and WordPress web content managers. Microsoft Word has a lorem ipsum feature.[6] Several LaTeX packages produce Lorem-ipsum-style text.[7][8]
See also
- Asemic writing
- Etaoin shrdlu
- Lenna
- Li Europan lingues
- List of Latin phrases
- Metasyntactic variable
- The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Notes
References
External links
- The original De finibus bonorum et malorum (Book 1) from Cicero, on Latin WikiSource
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